Title : A Discourse Analysis of SBY’s
International Speech Text : A study on Critical Linguistics
Author : Anggara Jatu Kusumawati
Journal : University of Islam Indonesia
Publication
: Vol 5, No 1 : June 2011
Abstract :
President
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) image building can be represented through many
ways, one of them reflected on his international speeches. On this way,
argumentation phases in the speeches can form social construct, self image,
public opinion, new meaning and world-view. Based on critical linguistic point
of view, word choice, sentence arrangement, and sentence pattern on speeches
show a language expertise. This research aims at describing grammar used of SBY
international speeches related with self image building. This research uses
critical linguistics approach proposed by Fowler (1979) via Young and Harrison
(2004: 3) which focuses on two metafunctions of Systemic Functional Linguistics
Halliday, ideational and textual function. The source of data are nine texts of
SBY's international speech in the year of 2011 chosen based on some criteria;
updated topics, variation of topics, and abundant data. Then, data are chosen,
noted, and identified based on formulation of the problems. On data analysis,
Norman Fairclough framework applied in analyzing the data. Based on limitation
of Halliday's metafunction, only were two levels chosen; textual analysis and
social practice analysis. Besides, relevant studies were done to get detail and
complete explanation. Based on data analysis, the result that can be emphasized
is the grammar seen from word choice, clause and sentence element, figures of
speech, pattern of clause change are means to convey new meaning based on who
is the speaker and psychological effect shown to listeners. Thus, it can reveal
the speaker purpose extensively and help to describe argumentative phase on speeches.
Those three results of research are efforts to build SBY self image on language
expertise. On this way, SBY can attract sympathy, therefore international
cooperation can run smoothly.
Goals :
This
research aims at describing the grammar used of SBY international speeches
related to self-image building.
Problems :
The
use of grammar that describes how the words linked in intent and specific
purpose. Word choice and the sentence formation have strongly influenced the
meaning conveyed.
Theories :
This
discourse analysis on SBY's international speech text uses critical theory of Linguistics
expressed by Fowler (1979) in Young and Harrison (2004: 3) which focuses on two
functions of Halliday's SFL; ideational function and textual function.
Fowler (1979) in Young and Harrison
(2004: 3) connects SFL and Critical Discourse Analysis emphasizing that
ideology can be mediated linguistically.
Fowler (1981: 29-32) says that
lingual units of language and control express and construct ideology.
Methods
:
This research consists of three
phases, 1) collecting data, describing the method and technique used, 2) data analysis,
describing process and data analysis, and 3) research results description.
Findings
:
Data source in this research is an
English speech text addressed by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyoo on
international occasion in 2011 on April 8 at 'Fifteenth ASEAN Finance Ministers
GCO Meeting'.
Conclusion :
The
use of grammar based on choice of word, clause arrangement, and figure of speech are the ways to expose certain meaning
based on who is the speaker and the effect
to the listeners. The changes patterns of clause and sentence can be changed, exchanged, omitted, added, combined with other
clauses and rearranged. A stress on the part of sentence which can be in the
form of lexical meaning changes, sentence
focus changes, psychological effect affected from the use of grammar can expose speaker's intention well and help to
express the argumentation phase in the speech.
The proficiency in using grammar gives more impression and form self image to international audience.
References :
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Fowler, R. (1981). Literature
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